Word: revolt
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...19th century the great powers opposed the upsurge of democracy. Czar Nicholas I of Russia, for example, sent an army to Hungary to crush the revolt there. By contrast, this year's revolutionaries have had the tacit blessing, and sometimes the explicit encouragement, of the Czar's successor as the most powerful man in Russia, Mikhail Gorbachev. By what he has done -- and, perhaps more important, by what he has refrained from doing -- the Soviet leader has made possible the astonishing events of this year...
WORLD: Amid mass resignations and arrests, has the revolt against Communism in the East bloc spun out of control...
Back in 1987, few thought the revolt would last long enough to mark a first anniversary, let alone a second. Israeli leaders insisted the rebellion would be quickly crushed. But a second year without a settlement pays credit to the Palestinians' remarkable endurance and ingenuity. Armed with stones and Molotov cocktails, Arab youths have managed to confound the Israeli army, regain their tattered pride, and remind the world that Israel's "enlightened" occupation is a painful contradiction in terms. Yet many Palestinians fear their revolution has stalled. Mass demonstrations have given way to smaller skirmishes waged by a hard-core...
...none of this has spelled defeat for the Palestinians. Ironically, the uprising's survival is assured by the army's harsh measures, which are drastic enough to guarantee hatred among Arabs but not to end the revolt. The methods Israel has refined to keep the intifadeh in check may be more responsible for Palestinian solidarity than the slogans of the Arab leadership, so that the uprising has been institutionalized as a self-perpetuating expression of pride and anger. But a growing number of Arab extremists argue that stones are no longer sufficient. "The only way we're going...
...many Israelis, these killings are proof that the uprising is merely a brutish expression of Palestinian hostility. But that attitude ignores the fundamental accomplishments of the intifadeh. Two years of prime-time revolt have wrought an extraordinary shift in international, and especially U.S., public opinion, convincing many of Israel's supporters that the Jewish nation's continued rule over 1.7 million Arabs is dangerous and absurd. And after decades of serving as pawns for larger powers, the Palestinians in the West Bank and Gaza have taken control of the Arab struggle against Israel, forcing the rest of the Arab world...