Word: revoltion
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...India's Muslims were turning to a more orthodox form of Islam and dreaming of declaring jihad against the British. In May 1857, thousands of sepoys (Indian soldiers) serving in the British army mutinied, mainly due to fears that the British were out to corrupt Islam and Hinduism. The revolt may have been inevitable, but what was wholly unexpected was that the mutineers, in their search for a leader, would turn to an institution that had been all but defunct for over a century: the Mughal Empire. As one contemporary report put it, the soldiers "announced that they had released...
...catastrophic Jewish rebellion against the Romans in A.D. 132, an uprising that left half a million Jews dead and the people of Israel scattered to the corners of the earth. Bar Kokhba is an important and ominous presence in Harkabi's mind. He has written a history of the revolt called The Bar Kokhba Syndrome, and in it stated a warning against national projects that have about them an aspect of grandiose self-destruction. ''Our choice,'' he says, ''is not between good and bad. That is easy. Our choice is between bad and worse. Israel cannot defend itself if half...
...With Congress in near revolt over adding to the approximately 140,000 troops already in Iraq, it's highly unlikely the White House would triple that number. But nor will the U.S. be able walk away from Iraq, even if it collapses. Instead, the study recommends a "baker's dozen" military and diplomatic options to contain the spillover, although Pollack admits these are only the "least bad options we have, and very hard to make work...
...meant crossing the civilian boss. But in early December, once Rumsfeld had resigned, the Army and Marine Corps chiefs increasingly went public with their long-standing gripes that Iraq has stretched their forces to the breaking point, damaging recruiting and diminishing readiness. Bush moved quickly to quell this startling revolt: within days he hinted that he might ask Congress to enlarge the overall size of the armed forces in the future. It will be years before the expanded forces are recruited, trained, equipped and in the field, so that change won't solve the problems a surge creates...
...events that would see liberal democracy triumph in the Arab world. Instead, the biggest beneficiary from his demise has been Islamic fundamentalism. Saddam's execution marks the final nail in the coffin of Arab nationalism, a secular ideology of pan-Arab unity and independence. Originating with the Arab Revolt against Ottoman domination of the Middle East nearly a century ago, the ideology took on a militant edge following Arab independence after World War II. Partly as a reaction to Israel's defeat of the Arabs in the 1948 war, Arab nationalism promoted militaristic societies led by warrior leaders who espoused...