Word: rhesus
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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Fourteen miles east of Puerto Rico's San Juan harbor is the wooded, 36-acre island of Santiago. There 500 macaques, or rhesus monkeys, landed last week, having voyaged 14,000 miles from India in 51 days. Columbia University intends to establish on Santiago a "free-ranging primate colony." Purpose: research on primate behavior, glands, reproduction and tropical diseases. As from Alcatraz, the only mode of escape from Santiago is by swimming...
Parents of the nation pestered Manhattan's nervous little Dr. Maurice Brodie for his much-publicized vaccine of which he has issued some 6,000 doses. But because he gets only ten doses out of each $15 rhesus monkey imported from India, he has had to deny vaccine requisitions right & left. Dr. Brodie does not claim that his vaccine is the definitive preventive of infantile paralysis and other physicians will not concede its validity until after some 50,000 children have been inoculated and their resistance to the disease adequately tested. On the other hand, the vaccine does...
...weeks ago, Dr. Willard said, he took an ill-tempered, 20-lb. rhesus monkey named Jekal, asphyxiated it with ether, injected sodium citrate into its veins to prevent its blood from coagulating. When the animal's breathing and circulation had stopped, a chiropractor pronounced it "dead." Then Dr. Willard popped Jekal into an icebox where the temperature was kept at - 30° C. ( - 22° F.). Five days later he removed the small, rigid, grey clump of fur & flesh from the refrigerator, invited newshawks to watch the proceedings, began to thaw it slowly in a chamber equipped with heating...
...usual, there was a practical hitch in last week's good news: the expense and difficulty of collecting enough vaccine to immunize the 37,000,000 U.S. children under 15. Although all kinds of monkeys may serve for the manufacture of the vaccine, the best kind is Macacus rhesus from India. To import one rhesus monkey to the U.S. costs $9. After it is infected, killed, and its spinal cord ground up with formalin, at a processing cost of $3 more, the finished vaccine is only enough to inoculate twelve children. But even if $37,000,000 were available...
...Infected Rhesus monkeys supplied the material for the vaccine. Just as the monkeys were dying of infantile paralysis, Dr. Brodie killed them, snatched out their spinal cords which contained the virus of the disease, macerated the cords in a solution of formalin to kill the virus. This virtually is what other investigators of the infantile paralysis problem are trying. Dr. Brodie seems to be the first to apply the vaccine to humans...