Word: riche
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...tale of Ju, the all too successful entrepreneur, exemplifies in a small * but revealing way some of the tensions and paradoxes created by the daring "Four Modernizations" policy that has been pursued since 1977 by China's leader, Deng Xiaoping. On the one hand, Ju's embarrassment of riches advertises the potential of free enterprise in China, where even the People's Daily, the Communist Party newspaper, has declared that "getting rich and buying consumer goods is not decadent--especially if it makes life more pleasant." On the other hand, the ostracism suffered by Ju highlights the difficulties of introducing...
Such concern could mount as long as the government pursues a policy of trial and error, one day stressing a capitalist slogan ("To Get Rich Is Glorious"), the next a Communist one ("Sacrifice for Socialism"). The most urgent priority of what some Chinese call Deng's "cultureless (materialistic) revolution" is to find a new dynamic for China that can help ensure the stability of its society even when the inevitable economic and political disappointments occur. The pragmatists have succeeded in brushing off the ashes of Maoism. They must now find a way of enabling the Middle Kingdom to advance...
Many of the bureaucrats who run state-owned industries have been slow or reluctant to adjust to the new economic climate. As a result, almost a year after the introduction of the urban reforms, China's success stories remain largely rural: almost all the rich wanyuanhu (literally "10,000-yuan households"--roughly $3,510) are in the countryside, as are nine out of ten private enterprises. "Yet without the urban reforms," says a Western diplomat, "the rest of Deng's program will eventually fail...
...Deng's opponents--and perhaps Deng himself--fear. As China dresses up, it has also begun to pursue new goals. Under Mao, the people were told that their lives would be enriched if they dedicated themselves to work. Now they are being exhorted to work in order to get rich. "Our government promotes the policy that some will get rich first," says Du Runsheng, the top party adviser on rural affairs. "Then others will get rich. Our final goal is that all people will be rich." The words kuaile, or pleasure, and yule, or recreation, have crept back into...
Many entrepreneurs have a pioneer's spirit, but Rich McIntyre was literally in the wilderness when he found his calling. Fly-fishing on the banks of Montana's Gallatin River in 1977, McIntyre, then a 23-year-old landscaper, noticed brown trout thrashing about in a muddy stream bed nearby, trying to clear silt from the bottom so they could lay eggs on clean gravel. Deciding to help the fish reproduce and make some money for himself, he became America's first commercial stream doctor...