Word: risk
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...pounds may find that the benefits of their athletic pursuits extend beyond a trim look. Past research has determined that exercise may lead to a decreased chance of breast and reproductive tract cancer in women, and four Harvard researchers now hope to discover the biological basis for this reduced risk...
...exercise on "elite oarswomen," who are female athletes between 20 and 30 years of age and are competing for spots on the lightweight or heavyweight national rowing teams. The research, which should explain why only some exercising women experience the menstrual dysfunction that can lead to a reduced cancer risk, will include studies on the amount and location of fat present in the bodies of participants, as well as body fat's effect on the way estrogen is metabolized...
Scientists have already associated a high risk of breast cancer with early menarche, Frisch says, so the later a girl's menarche, the better her future health will probably be. "It is a good thing for young girls to start exercise early," she says...
...high-intensity athletic training metabolized a greater fraction of their estrogen to "non-potent" forms, to which the reproductive organs will not respond. The increase in non-potent estrogen production also means that there is less normal hormone circulating in the blood, and this may lead to a lower risk of estrogen-dependent tumor development, such as breast cancer, Snow says...
...project's tests follows the breakdown of estrogen by allowing doctors to trace low levels of radioactive forms of the hormone molecules through the body. "Athletes destroy estrogen faster than non-athletes, so their bodies are exposed to less" of the hormone, and this may lead to decreased cancer risk, says Barbieri, who has worked with both Frisch and Snow in the past...