Word: risk
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Puzzled physicians worry that the CDC advisory will inspire fear in a large number of people who are unlikely to have had any exposure to AIDS. Health officials estimate that from 1978 to April 1985 only one in every 2,500 units of blood was contaminated. The current risk of AIDS contamination is one in every 250,000 units of donated blood. Says New York City Health Commissioner Stephen Joseph: "To give the impression that everybody who has ever received a transfusion should get themselves tested is both alarmist and has no basis in probability." But CDC officials note that...
...When were the transfusions administered? The risk period was from 1978 until April 1985, but the earlier the blood was received, the lower the infection risk...
...Where did the blood come from? Before screening began, the risk of exposure to AIDS was considerably higher in such cities as New York, San Francisco, Los Angeles, Houston, Miami and Washington than in regions relatively untouched by the disease. "A physician in North Dakota might say, 'There is no risk here,' " says Dr. Harold Jaffe of the CDC. "But if there were a pregnant woman in New York who received a lot of blood in 1984, then a physician might recommend that she be tested...
...that HHS outlined are useful. The policy focuses on the school system but defers to state and local school boards "along with families, community and parent groups" on the content of AIDS education. The plan calls for a national media campaign as well as aggressive efforts to reach high-risk groups, and encourages the creation of special programs for black and Hispanic youth, who are considered to be particularly at risk. In fiscal 1987 the Government will spend $79.5 million on AIDS education, more than double last year's outlay. But as last week's controversial and hesitant recommendations reveal...
Actually the personal risk to Zagury was probably quite small. The vaccine he used, based on the work of NIH Immunologist Bernard Moss, contained only a tiny portion of genetic material from the AIDS virus. This material was inserted into the genes of a larger, harmless virus, which served as a carrier. (The larger virus was vaccinia, once commonly used to prevent smallpox.) When tested in baboons and a chimp for one year, this hybrid stimulated the animals to produce antibodies not only to vaccinia but to the AIDS virus, with no apparent side effects...