Word: risk
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...idea that environmental conditions in the womb may have lifelong effects on the fetus is certainly not new. British epidemiologist D.J. Barker first proposed his theory of fetal origins in 1992, arguing that when the fetus doesn't get enough nutrition in utero, for example, an increased risk of future heart disease and diabetes somehow gets "programmed" into his or her development. There wasn't very much data to back Barker's theory at the time, but over the decades, a wealth of animal and human data has suggested it's true. Maternal conditions like high blood pressure and diabetes...
...weeks into my pregnancy and haven't fallen sick and have been healthy all along, and I don't see the point of introducing a foreign body into my body," says first-time mother Laurie Koch-Smith, 41, in Westchester County, New York, who says she thinks the risk of H1N1 infection has been overhyped...
...success, especially in science, is relative. Yes, as media reports immediately crowed, the vaccine was 31% effective at reducing the risk of HIV infection among the 16,000 healthy volunteers in the study. But that's nowhere near the 70%-to-80% rate that most public-health experts say is the minimum needed for an immunization to be judged worthwhile. Consider also that circumcision can cut the risk of HIV infection nearly twice as effectively...
...response. Neither shot has proved effective alone, yet together they seemed to trigger a modest immunity--although no one yet knows why. Fifty-one people who received the vaccine became infected with HIV, compared with 74 who received a saltwater placebo, a barely significant difference. And while a lower risk of infection normally derives from a drop in the amount of virus circulating in the blood--with less virus floating around, there is less chance that HIV can bind to healthy cells--that did not happen in this study. Which means that although those who are vaccinated might be protected...
...begin to analyze the patients' immune responses more closely to tease out the elusive factors that shielded them from HIV. That's more than the last promising vaccine provided. That candidate, made by Merck, not only failed to protect volunteers from infection but also seemed to increase their risk of contracting...