Word: ritualized
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...make at least once in their lifetime. Participation has been growing steadily since 1974. Last November's pilgrimage was the biggest in history. Nearly 2 million people converged on the arid Plain of Arafat near Mecca to live in tents and perform the arduous five-to seven-day ritual that has remained unchanged for 14 centuries. More than ever before, the pilgrimage was a spiritual kaleidoscope of races and faces and languages from 70 countries, from the wealthiest of oil sheiks to the poorest of the poor...
...interior, now empty, once housed pagan idols, which Muhammad destroyed. The pilgrims also visit other holy sites, act out the search for water by Hagar, the mother of the Arab nation, perform a vigil on Mount 'Arafat (site of the Prophet's last sermon) and conduct a ritual sacrifice of goats, sheep and camels...
Both Sunni and Shi'ite Islam include Sufism, a mystical movement whose adherents seek to serve God not simply through obedience to the law but by striving for union with him through meditation and ritual. Sufism is considered suspect by fundamentalist Muslims like the puritanical Wahhabis of Saudi Arabia, because it allows for the veneration of awliya-roughly the equivalent of Christianity's saints. Islam also has spawned a number of heretical offshoots. One is the Alawi sect, a Shi'ite minority group to which most of Syria's leaders belong. The Alawis believe...
...distaste for indignity and injustice. But, barring isolated instances, the theater does not lend itself comfortably to social polemics and underdog rhetoric. What too often happens, and Zoot Suit is a case in point, is the reduction of the stage to a soapbox and the meaningless ritual of preaching to the already converted...
...called little magazines remain hospitable. But they are remote, academic and, well, little. Harper's and the Atlantic still keep the faith, as do The New Yorker and a few others. Then there are acts of ritual: the two leading short-story anthologies that publish what their editors deem the worthiest efforts of the previous year. The Best American Short Stories 1978 is the first edition in 37 years not edited by Martha Foley, who died in 1977. The final selections were made by Solotaroff. It is an outstanding collection with at least two stories that continue to reverberate...