Word: rna
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Wolfgang Beerman of West Germany's Max Planck Institute showed pictures of ropy, wormlike chromosomes with strange swellings, and reported on the delicate experiments with which he proved that the swellings are associated with active genes. Geneticists agree that active genes produce RNA (ribonucleic acid) and that RNA produces proteins. Dr. Beerman satisfied himself as to the meaning of the swellings he had photographed through his electron microscope, by finding RNA and protein where theory predicted they should be-right around the lumps on the chromosomes...
...chemical with a molecule made of two ordinary carbon-nitrogen rings. But to biochemists, it is one of the keys of life. It takes part in the formation of a long list of vital substances, and it is one of the five "bases" that are built into DNA and RNA, the magic nucleic acids that control the reproduction and heredity of all living organisms. Since the first life probably appeared on earth when chemicals already dissolved in sea water formed a giant molecule that had the power to reproduce itself, it is likely that this ancestral molecule was a nucleic...
Mainly concerned with research relating to bacterial metabolism, Amos has made several important contributions to the study of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid...
Recently, Amos' research has revealed that animal cells can receive messenger RNA from other cells and translate the messages so that the cell may produce proteins which it ordinarily is unable to make...
...structure of many viruses in their conventional forms is well known. They consist of a core of nucleic acid-either ribonucleic acid (RNA) or deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-wrapped in a protein overcoat. It is in this form that they are most readily detectable. And also, it appears, most active: the naked nucleic acid alone (stripped of its overcoat by delicate chemical means) can produce most of the effects of the whole virus, but it is a thousand times less powerful. Evidently, the researchers suggest, the virus needs to be "carefully packaged for safe transmission." One effective package design is like...