Word: rna
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...invade a cell, the DNA takes over the cell's genetic machinery and orders it to produce copies of the virus, which escape to infect other cells. The victim cell is often killed in the process. But the AIDS virus is a so-called retrovirus and contains single-stranded RNA. Alone, RNA lacks the ability to conquer cells, but retroviruses carry an enzyme called reverse transcriptase. When the AIDS virus invades an immune-system T cell, the enzyme enables the viral RNA to convert to DNA, take over the cell's machinery, produce copies of itself and disable the cell...
...Calvin K Ho '84, $1500, for his senior thesis entitled Point Mutations in an Aminoterminal Fragment of Alanine Transfer RNA Synthetase Which Elevate Activity"--Associate Professor David S. Auld...
...Peter K Sorger '84, $1500, for his senior thesis entitled "The Self-Assembly of Tarnip Crinkle Virus, an Icosahedral RNA Virus," Professor Stephen C Harrison...
After World War II, the second revolution in biology occurred; far-reaching advances were made in the understanding of the genetic nature of the cell (RNA), and other areas. American medical education, having forgotten Flexner's main concept, continues to implement his example; and students continue to learn scientific knowledge by rote memory, instead of the fundamental concepts that doctors need to know...
...known that certain types of viruses can cause cancer in cats, chickens, cows and other animals. Like all viruses, these cancer agents cannot reproduce unless they infiltrate a host cell and commandeer its reproductive machinery (see diagram). What makes the viruses distinctive is that their genes are composed of RNA rather than DNA, the genetic molecule found in most living things. Because RNA is a kind of mirror image of DNA, the viruses are called retroviruses...