Word: rocked
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Make It Clear. It was precisely Orval Faubus' deliberate burning of the bridges between federal justice and enforcement that brought the N.A.A.C.P. and Little Rock's school board back before the high court last week. And the question before the court was whether bridge burning and violence were lawful excuses for slowing down the crawl toward integration...
From N.A.A.C.P. Counsel Thurgood Marshall came a pointed argument against the proposition: "I worry about the white children in Little Rock who are told . . . that the way to get your rights is to violate the law. It should be affirmed . . . that Article VI of the Constitution means what it says." Echoing Marshall's plea, U.S. Solicitor General J. Lee Rankin rose to remind the court of the obligations of school boards and state authorities to uphold the Constitution. "The court," said he, "must say throughout the length and breadth of this land: There can be no equality of justice...
...weeks. Now, freshly signed, they had the power of law. Then he called in the press and read his announcement in a flat, tense voice: "Acting under the powers and responsibilities imposed upon me by these laws, I have ordered closed the senior high schools of Little Rock, in order to avoid the impending violence and disorder which would occur, and to preserve the peace of the community." Under another law Faubus proclaimed a school-district referendum for Oct. 7 on whether the schools should be integrated and reopened. Of the three white high schools in Little Rock, only Central...
...bound to reap the growing outrage of parents and students who wanted their schools open-integrated or no. He knew too that his act defied a federal court order prohibiting him from obstructing Central High School's integration progress. Suddenly, out of nowhere, came an admitted Little Rock segregationist named Gertie Garrett to file suit against the Governor in Chaneery Court. Ostensible purpose: to test the constitutionality of the school-closing law in state courts. Though the Governor's office denied any complicity, it seemed likely that the suit was designed to 1) head off the growing parent...
...week's end the Little Rock city council issued a statement: "If and when Central High School is integrated, the responsibility is clearly that of the Federal Government. However [the municipal government] will protect life and property." And while more than 100 deputies came and went from U.S. Marshal Beal Kidd's office, sign painters were busy preparing ominous notices: WARNING-DEPUTY UNITED STATES MARSHALS WEARING SPECIAL ARM BANDS AND OTHER IDENTIFICATION ARE ON OFFICIAL DUTY IN THIS VICINITY. THEY ARE ASSISTING IN THE EXECUTION OF ORDERS OF THE FEDERAL COURT. ANY PERSON INTERFERING WITH OR OBSTRUCTING SAID...