Word: rocketeers
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...news came in a broadcast by Moscow radio, and it got to Washington in an ironic way. 'At the Soviet embassy on 16th Street that evening, some 50 scientists of 13 nations, members of the International Geophysical Year rocket and satellite conference, were gathered at a cocktail party. After the vodka. Scotch and bourbon started to flow, New York Times Reporter Walter Sullivan got an urgent phone call from his paper, hurried back to whisper in the ear of a U.S. scientist. A moment later Physicist Lloyd Berkner rapped on the hors d'oeuvre table until the hubbub...
...line that "the Soviet launching did not come as any surprise," highly surprised scientists and military men drew some quick lessons from sputnik's success. Items: ¶ To put the 184.3-lb. satellite in its orbit, the Russians had to have an operational ballistic missile driven by a rocket engine at least as big as the U.S.'s biggest and best; hence the Russians probably have a workable intercontinental ballistics missile...
...more prepared to shed blood, sweat and tears." It was true, as some scientists said, that the U.S., with an all-out effort, probably could have fired its own satellite by now. (Last week Project Vanguard put its 72-ft. TV2 launching rocket-see cut-through the third in a series of seven tests.) Contrariwise it was true that the U.S. had lost its lead because, in spreading its resources too thin, the nation had skimped too much on military research and development. Russia's victory in the satellite race proved that the U.S. had not tried hard enough...
...army and a member of the Soviet Academy of Science. He is best known in Russia as an authority on weapons, but he has written a great deal about space travel, and some but not all authorities on Russia believe that he is head of Soviet space rocket research. At 63, he is not likely to be the originator of new and daring technology...
...reason for the U.S. defeat in the race toward space is fairly obvious: instead of having the use of big military rockets, U.S. Project Vanguard was forced to depend on the Navy's Viking research rocket, whose thrust is only 27,000 lbs. Even if working perfectly, a Viking is barely strong enough to place a 21½-lb. satellite on its orbit. There is no margin for less-than-perfect performance. The Russians, according to General Blagonravov, used their most powerful rocket to launch the sputnik. Their launching vehicle must have taken off with at least...