Word: rocketeers
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...change, the mood at the Kennedy Space Center was upbeat last Friday as a ; Delta rocket carrying a secret military payload for the Star Wars space defense program lifted off flawlessly at 11:08 a.m. "We feel we are back in the groove," said NASA's Delta project manager William Russell. The flight was Delta's first since a rocket was destroyed after lift-off in May. And it was only the second successful major U.S. launch of any kind in six attempts, starting with January's space shuttle Challenger disaster...
Earlier in the week, addressing a problem that must be solved before any shuttle can fly, NASA tentatively selected a $500 million redesign for the shuttle's solid-fuel booster, the rocket responsible for the disaster. "We have taken every step to understand what failed on the Challenger and to incorporate a design that won't allow that to happen again," said John Thomas, who headed the modification effort at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center. Formal adoption, which might take months, will hinge on exhaustive tests by both the agency and booster contractor Morton Thiokol...
January's disaster was the result of 38 degrees temperatures, which weakened an O ring, one of a pair of synthetic-rubber washers that keep hot gases from squirting through tiny gaps in the joint between sections of the solid-fuel rocket. When the O ring failed, escaping gas cut into the shuttle's liquid-fuel booster like a blowtorch and triggered a massive explosion. The modified design, said Thomas, will make a repeat catastrophe virtually impossible...
...proposal has the advantage of using booster sections that already exist, and the primary alterations will be made only at the joints. So testing could begin at Morton Thiokol's Brigham City, Utah, plant later this month. But starting from scratch is still under consideration. Says Thomas: "The solid-rocket industry is to provide, by the end of October, a clean-sheet design (of solid boosters), which means that they are not constrained to existing hardware." Rebuilding the existing boosters, however, now seems the most likely solution, especially since it has the best chance of meeting NASA's current takeoff...
...years French soldiers of the United Nations peacekeeping force and the moderate Shi'ite Amal militia had been friendly. Last week the peace was shattered by the thunder of rocket-propelled grenades and the crack of automatic weapons resounding through the dusty, Amal-controlled village of Marrakeh. Reason: as French guards at a U.N. security checkpoint attempted to disarm a local Amal commander, his bodyguard pulled his own gun. The French responded with a fusillade that killed both Shi'ites. Before long, 100 Amal fighters roared into Marrakeh, their guns blazing away at French positions. By the time Amal Leader...