Word: rohe
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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Hitler, one might say, had presented the Allies with an immense cultural gift, not that everyone appreciated it. And it wasn't just painters and sculptors. After the Bauhaus, the leading experimental visual-arts school in Germany, was suppressed, some of its leading lights--Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, Marcel Breuer, Walter Gropius, Laszlo Moholy-Nagy--moved to America, where their example and teaching changed its architecture, making New York City and Chicago the epicenters of the postwar International Style. And the academic study of art history in America, which had been fairly larval before the 1930s, was transformed...
...American client, MCA-Universal, which has appointed him to oversee plans for most of a $3 billion expansion of Universal City in California. Why choose Koolhaas? "I think it's because of his grandfather," says Koolhaas of Edgar Bronfman Jr., grandson of the man who asked Mies van der Rohe to build New York City's first modernist tower, the Seagram Building...
...merely a new constraint on his profession, but has the potential to create a new aesthetic. It was the unfortunate coincidence of cheap oil and the ability to fabricate large sheets of glass, he argues, that led to the "modern" office buildings pioneered by architects like Mies van der Rohe in the 1950s. Architectural movements since then -- notably postmodernism -- have been purely superficial, decorative responses to that style. "That's why this movement is so exciting," says McDonough. "What is it made out of? How is it made? We're not talking about just another glib exercise in artifice...
...These fragments I have shored against my ruins," wrote T.S. Eliot in The Waste Land (1922), the poem that most typifies its age. A similar attitude prevailed among a number of revolutionary artists: Picasso in art, Stravinsky in music, Joyce in literature, Balanchine in ballet and Mies Van Der Rohe in architecture. Each of these men mastered the techniques of his trade and then saw fit to wrench old forms into previously unheard-of shapes...
There's no guarantee the Kaus' forced Civic Liberalism will be any more successful than the class-blind Pruit-lgoe apartment complex. Bauhaus architect Mies van der Rohe built this vast concrete block, devoid of the tenements' decaying wood and the bourgeois curves, angles and bay windows. But people resented the ugly, socially-engineered building, and the housing authority that paid for the place ended up dynamiting...