Word: rote
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Dates: during 1920-1929
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...cabinet within 24 hours, a task that had taken his predecessor Chancellor Streeruwitz three weeks. As a precautionary step against threatened Heimwehr-Schutzbund riots he suspended all military furloughs, ordered all Austrian troops to be ready for immediate action. In Vienna he suppressed an edition of the Communist newspaper Rote Fahne, arrested its editor "for inciting troops to mutiny against the new government." In the country he sent bus loads of soldiers careening over dusty roads to remove guns and munitions from rural arsenals lest they be seized by rioters. Only then did he sit down, wipe his pink brow...
...goodly proportion of advanced work is necessary if college training is to go beyond the secondary school stage of mental gymnastics. But where the demands of mechanical and rote memory work hang heavy over an advanced field the activity there is crippled. Only when men are freed from this threat can they go forward...
...Deweyites it is clear that to teach children formulae by rote is almost as ridiculous as teaching them the incantations of medieval wizards. The schoolroom must be a place where the child is intelligently encouraged to dynamically project its ego in discovering...
Pupils, then must be "encouraged to utilize their own peculiarities of response to subject matter." They must not learn by rote. In disparaging this latter method, which he finds still all too prevalent Dr. Dewey has said: "Much work in [an ordi-nary] school consists in setting up rules by which pupils are to act of such a sort that even after pupils have acted they are not led to see the connection between the result?say the answer?and the method pursued. So far as they are concerned, the whole thing is a trick and a kind of miracle...
...pretty generally agreed. Even those who are forced to practice it usually apologize for it. If college publications have a place in the educational scheme of things as I am sure they have we should not apply to them the autocratic and paternalistic methods of rod and rote that education in general has long since discarded...