Word: rubella
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...vaccinations for measles, mumps and rubella are required of all 19,000 Harvard students in order to register, but Massachusetts has extended the deadline to October 17, in order to give all students a chance to be vaccinated...
Building on Pasteur's work, 20th century scientists have learned to mass- produce bacteria and viruses, then weaken or kill them and use them as the major ingredient in vaccines for such varied diseases as typhus, yellow fever, influenza, polio, measles and rubella. Unfortunately, the vaccines occasionally cause the disease they are designed to ward off. (Reason: the "killed" viruses sometimes survive, while the weakened versions often fail to cause an immune response.) In general, however, the vaccines have been quite effective; in recent years the National Academy of Sciences has reported only a handful of polio and diphtheria cases...
Doctors administer a measles, mumps, and rubella shot which until recently was widely believed to permanently immunize patients from all three diseases. Yet repeated occurences of measles epidemics have created a lack of faith in the immunization process...
...addition to causing AIDS and flu, viruses have brought the scourges of smallpox, yellow fever and polio. They bear responsibility for many of the familiar rashes of youth -- chicken pox, measles, rubella -- as well as such disparate disorders as the common cold, gastroenteritis, herpes, shingles, warts and mononucleosis. Viruses are known to cause at least one form of human cancer and are prime suspects in several other kinds of malignancies. Just last week Dr. Robert Gallo of the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda, Md., announced that he and his team had isolated a new virus that may cause certain kinds...
...advance was critical for those seeking to develop vaccines, and Enders led a Harvard research team in successfully growing viruses for polio, measles, rubella and mumps in the tissue cultures, which thrived in the test tube environments...