Word: ruhr
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...wealth on German soil should be exploited for the benefit of all the European community, including Germany, instead of being exploited by Germany against the European community, as was the case until now. . . . Is it fair and reasonable that you should be obliged to send us coal . . . when the Ruhr is at our gates? ... In order that a it is European necessary that . . community . be the Ruhr [be] constituted, <| placed under international authority...
...believe that certain well-meaning people are opposed to the installation of an international authority in the Ruhr because they see therein a possibility of bringing Russia into the West. 'The Russians are already on the Oder and on the Spree,' one of my British friends said to me the other day, 'Why do you need to bring them also on the Rhine?' "My reply is that without international control of the Ruhr there is no German disarmament. It is equally clear that everything which concerns German dis armament directly interests Russia...
...months before Allied soldiers breached Festung Europa at Normandy, Winston Churchill and Franklin D. Roosevelt stubbornly argued over who would occupy the industry-rich Ruhr. After the invasion, Churchill's claim was reinforced by the top-level political and military decision to give Field Marshal Montgomery command of the sweep along the lowlands toward northeast Germany. Roosevelt finally yielded, let Churchill have the Ruhr...
Falling Concern. Western Europe's economy (and possibly her hopes for political democracy) hinged on making the Ruhr a going concern. In a peak pre-Hitler year (1929), Germany sent half her exports to western Europe, including Britain and Scandinavia, and most of these came from the great Ruhr basin. The western European steel industry depended on Ruhr coke; Dutch and Belgian ports depended on Ruhr traffic. In a single year the Ruhr produced 128,000,000 tons of coal, 16,000,000 tons of steel, 13,000,000 tons of pig iron. War-ravaged Britain Had neither...
...thirds of Germany's population, three-fourths of her industrial resources. Most top U.S. officials believe that the Soviet Union, left with 18.000,000 Germans in an area largely stripped of its resources, will want to come in-not only to share in prospective reparations from Ruhr production, but to share the credit for the only plan that gives Germans hope...