Word: ruling
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...developed the best counterinsurgency capability in the world," Mullen said several times - that focus on protecting the public and building civil order. And so, in addition to the usual round of private meetings with government officials, Holbrooke convened a breathtaking parade of farmers, Afghan tribal leaders, women legislators, rule-of-law advocates, journalists, the local diplomatic corps, religious leaders; and then a similar roundelay in Pakistan. Mullen seemed amazed and somewhat nonplussed by Holbrooke, who is the David Petraeus of diplomats, a constant source of energy and creativity - and occasionally controversy, since he is not, shall we say, a country...
History is full of revolutionaries who failed to make the switch. Most promised people's rule but, once in power, embraced a permanent state of revolution - some, like Robert Mugabe and Hugo Chávez, conjuring up fantastical foreign enemies to fight. (To those ranks, now add the leader of the influential ANC Youth League, Julius Malema, who told the East London rally that the young would "never allow them to donate this country to Britain, to the hands of the colonizers.") To their people, this never-ending war is generally experienced as dictatorship. Too many liberation leaders leave office...
...Middle East, after helping broker a historic peace deal with Israel in 1993, Yasser Arafat's Fatah movement quickly lapsed into authoritarianism and corruption. As a young man, Henning Melber, executive director at the Dag Hammarskjöld Foundation in Uppsala, Sweden, fought in Namibia against white rule. Watching his fellow liberators turn on their own people once the war was won taught him that revolution and democracy are "incompatible," he says. (See pictures of China doing business in Africa...
...where Mandela was born 90 years ago into a small gathering of huts on a narrow, windswept spur, the Mandelas' immediate neighbors are outspoken about their disillusionment with the ANC. "My life was better during apartheid," says Vincent Ntswayi, 53, who held a steady job in Johannesburg during white rule but has only been intermittently employed since. "Freedom turned out to be just a word. Real freedom, real power, that comes from money - and I haven't got any money...
...learned by revolutionary groups before it. Fatah's loss to Hamas in the 2006 Palestinian elections was a boost for militancy, sure, but also a testament to Hamas's superior social-service delivery. Mugabe's efforts to hold onto power, trying to alter the constitution to allow him everlasting rule, was the spur for the formation of the opposition Movement for Democratic Change...