Word: rulings
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...ringette, players use bladeless sticks to shoot a 6-in. soft rubber ring into a regulation hockey goal. There is no offside rule in effect, but there are restrictions on the movements of the players. The defensemen and forwards cannot cross their side of the center-ice red line. But the center is allowed to go into both halves of the rink, so she must be able to defend the other center and also beat the other center into the offensive zone. The speedy Lind, not surprisingly, played center...
Opponents attack the rules on constitutional, ethical and medical grounds. The A.C.L.U. argues that the regulations would limit the free speech of doctors as well as a woman's right to choose abortion. Some doctors say that by limiting what can be said to patients, the "gag rule" hurts the quality of care and leaves physicians vulnerable to malpractice suits. Says Dr. John J. Graham of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: "It's unethical, it's bad medicine, and it's inhumane...
...Soviet Union's most loyal ally in Eastern Europe, stolid Bulgaria has always followed in Moscow's footsteps. The economic reform drive launched by Soviet Leader Mikhail Gorbachev seemed no exception to that rule. In a startling turn away from its hard-line policies of the past, the regime headed by Communist Party Leader Todor Zhivkov, 76, swiftly followed Gorbachev's lead. From promised press freedoms to plans for a new commercial banking ! system, Zhivkov's program seemed intended, as a Western diplomat in Sofia put it, "to out-Gorbachev Gorbachev...
...woman's place in the military. Based on the recommendations of a special task force, Secretary of Defense Frank Carlucci ordered a series of reforms that will open up 4,000 Army, Navy, Marine and Air Force posts previously unavailable to women. While not abandoning the exclusionary rule, "we will now go as far as we can within these legislative constraints," explains David Armor, Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Force Management and Personnel, who headed the task force. "We're developing a clear rationale for opening all jobs, except those which are strictly combat." The highlights of the reforms...
...seemingly endless guerrilla war with the Palestine Liberation Organization. Today, however, the 104,000-strong standing army of the I.D.F. is mired in a different -- and more deeply frustrating -- kind of mission: containing the uprising of 1.4 million Palestinians no longer willing to submit to Israel's 20-year rule in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. That conflict is producing serious moral and emotional problems for many of the 7,000 soldiers on duty in the occupied territories. It is also raising fears among psychologists and army officers that the occupation will cause lasting damage...