Word: rumania
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...officials. In effect, he made him his envoy to Eastern Europe, with specific marching orders to travel and to build as many new bridges as possible between the U.S. and the Communist nations. Last week Gronouski finished the first phase of that mission, a tempestuous, ten-day tour of Rumania, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Bulgaria aimed at scouting the chances for improved East-West trade relations...
Bridges to Pest. Trade with the West is one thing; adoption of Western economic devices is quite another. Though Rumania has yet to employ such capitalist devices as profit incentives and supply-demand marketing, Poland and Hungary are working in that direction. But it is East Germany and Czechoslovakia that lead the region in dynamic planning. Long dogmatic in its imitation of the Soviet pattern, the Czech party last December took...
...denied a passport to Rome for Stefan Cardinal Wyszyńiski. Hungary is Communism's least oppressive realm, yet the velvet glove of János Kaádár descended heavily last month on a handful of "collusionists" who protested a government price rise. Even in Rumania, "relaxation" is absurdly juxtaposed with remnants of tough police rule: the Securitate (secret police) assiduously tail suspect Westerners...
...Still, Rumania's basically nationalist example has had a rattling effect throughout the East. COMECON has come under increasing attack from many of its members, who realize that Russia has been buying them cheap for 17 years. Since Russia supplies roughly 70% of the group's raw materials, and distances are frequently enormous (it is 2,000 miles from the Ural bauxite mines to Prague), Soviet prices are often higher than the world average...
Some members have insisted on pre-inspection of their purchases-a shocking innovation in fraternal Communist economics. COMECON clearly needs reform, and Rumania's next target on the list of Communist sacred cows may well be the Warsaw Pact. Already, Rumania has unilaterally reduced obligatory service in its army from 24 to 16 months, and Rumanologist George Gross says it is "quite likely that the Rumanians (like the French in NATO) have balked at infringement of their sovereignty...