Word: rurals
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Dates: during 1920-1929
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...most significant issue is that of "rural" v. "urban" representation. Rural communities dominate Congress, but the shift of population is to urban centres. (In 1910, 54% of the people of the U.S. lived on farms or in little villages; in 1920, only 48%.) Rural Congressmen of both parties want no change, lest in the change the urban powers get control of the parties...
...marriage-"Alas, I have other work"-and farmed alone. Over the countryside he preached the reaper, but (like Mohammed) converted only his own family at first. Not until 1841 did he sell a reaper, but the next year he sold seven, at $100 apiece. The family farm became a rural factory, turning out 29 machines in 1843, 50 in 1844. Then Cyrus McCormick bestrode his horse and rode into the Midwest. He saw the vast prairies, saw hogs turned loose in wheat that men had not time to harvest. He rode through Illinois, Wisconsin, Missouri, Ohio and New York proclaiming...
...That's all very well," thought the rural education division, "but the statistics do not reflect the quality of these teachers that are being turned out, nor the type of position that constitutes nearly a fourth of those 742,172 teaching positions in the U. S." Nearly a fourth of all the positions are in one-teacher schools, and "it would be hazardous to guess" how many one-teacher school jobs are accurately described by the following hypothetical advertisement...
...Wanted: Teacher for rural school; woman preferred; salary $800 a year; high school graduation and professional training not necessary; low-grade certificate accepted; satisfactory board and room not guaranteed; applicant need not be more than 20 years of age and need not have taught more than one year in the same school...
Furthermore, the rural education division showed that, notwithstanding the large number of "recruits" enrolled, the teacher- teaching institutions had actually graduated only 40,484 teachers in 1923-24. Half of these were needed to take care of the normal increase, due to population growth, in elementary school enrollments. That left only some 20,000 trained teachers to fill vacancies caused by teachers leaving the profession. At that rate, the crops of new teachers now coming up are sufficient only if each teacher remains actively on the job for 30 years instead of six. In fine, said the rural education division...