Word: russian
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...biochemical system develop? The first stages in its evolution are a mystery. But scientists have deduced from the study of primitive species that rudimentary mechanisms against infection existed in various forms of life more than a billion years ago. The first inkling of such progenitors came in 1883, when Russian Zoologist Elie Metchnikoff stuck a rose thorn into the larva of a starfish and a short time later observed that the thorn had been completely surrounded by cells. The cells were phagocytes. "These little guys go back in evolution a very long way," says Carol Reinisch of the Tufts School...
...East there are signs that the Soviets may finally be willing to put more pressure on the Arabs. Gorbachev has publicly urged Syria and the Palestine Liberation Organization to recognize the existence and "legitimate rights" of Israel. A Soviet consular delegation is now in Jerusalem, sent officially to discuss Russian Orthodox Church property in Israel but also as a possible prelude to the re-establishment of diplomatic relations, which Moscow broke off during...
Gauguin's achievement has always been hard to assess because so much of his late work, done between his final departure from France in 1895 and his death on the tiny, remote island of Hivaoa in 1903, was bought en bloc by Russian collectors, ended up in the Hermitage and the Pushkin Museum, and has not been seen in the West since 1906. The show contains eleven of these "Russian" Gauguins...
...fact, the Harvard entomologist has so many requests to identify species that he must turn some down. Recently, Roth had to decline an invitation to study some specimens found on an expedition conducted by the Russian Academy of Sciences--the same institution he wrote to several years ago asking for a specimen he was interested in studying. "We didn't have glasnost then, and I'm sure the minute they saw the U.S. Army letterhead...I never heard from the man," he says...
During his long career as a party functionary, Ligachev has earned a reputation as an efficient, incorruptible manager. After a four-year stint in Moscow as a deputy director of the propaganda and party organs for the Russian Republic, he spent the Brezhnev years as local party boss in the Siberian city of Tomsk. Brought back to Moscow by then Party Leader Yuri Andropov in 1983, Ligachev was named to Gorbachev's Politburo two years later. All along, Ligachev has insisted he does not oppose perestroika. In an extraordinary interview with the Paris daily Le Monde in December he said...