Word: sabin
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...January, 1955, Albert B. Sabin inoculated 30 volunteers at Ohio's Chillicothe Reformatory, with a weakened strain of live polio virus. Just three months later, Jonas E. Salk announced that he had successfully tested his dead polio virus vaccine on 440,000 elementary school students, and the United States Public Health Service (PHS) licensed six companies to produce the Salk vaccine. Since then U.S. polio cases, both paralytic and non-paralytic, have fallen from 28,985, in 1955, to 650 reported...
...Live" vs. "dead" vaccine has been an object of medical interest and debate for over a decade. While the United States began to eradicate poliomyelitis in 1955, Dr. Sabin went on with his studies, sending his virus strains for field trials abroad where they would not interfere with the results of the Salk program. At the end of 1959, almost half the U.S. population had received a Salk shot, and already the occurrence of polio had dropped 80%. By the same time, Merck, Sharp, and Dohme Research Laboratories had shipped Sabin's live virus doses to Mexico, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Malaya...
...Salk, Sabin, and other authorities and organizations had disagreed on the relative merits of the vaccines, but the dispute remained subdued until the AMA House of Delegates state, in March, 1961, that "the persistence of immunity induced by the oral [Sabin] vaccine may be of much longer duration than is the case with Salk vaccine and, in fact, the persistence of immunity may conceivably approach that induced by natural infection in type, degree, and duration." And while the AMA urged wider use of Salk injections until Sabin was licensed, it noted that the Sabin protects against both paralytic...
Last year, Canada and New York State banned the Sabin vaccine after cases of polio were reported among those who had been treated with the "Type III" vaccine, which immunizes against one of the three strains of the disease. But a Presidential commission recently cleared all three types of vaccine for national...
Only eleven cases of polio have been reported among the 31,000,000 people who have taken the Sabin vaccine...