Word: sabine
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...nationwide drive to get Americans of all ages vaccinated against polio was snarled last week in a furious controversy over the safety of the Sabin oral vaccine, Type III. Among 1962's relatively few cases of paralytic poliomyelitis (fewer than 450 to date, with the total not expected to exceed 700 for the year) was a handful believed to have been caused by the Sabin vaccine itself. An expert advisory committee called in by the U.S. Public Health Service recommended continuing all Sabin vaccination programs for children, and also ruled Types I and II safe for adults, but left...
...weakened strain of Type III poliovirus developed by the University of Cincinnati's Dr. Albert B. Sabin had always been accused by some virologists of occasionally reverting to a dangerous form after multiplying in human vaccinees. and the PHS had delayed its approval for many months until last March. Since then, an estimated 13 million Americans have taken it, many of them in mass "SOS" (Sabin Oral Sunday) campaigns such as the one held in Cleveland last June (TIME, July 6). Up to 5,000,000 of those who took Type III were adults...
...rubeola). The elusive virus now isolated cannot be generally used as a readymade vaccine because of the danger that children might transmit the infection to pregnant women. So scientists are trying to make it safe, by killing the virus (as in Salk polio shots) or weakening it (as in Sabin oral vaccine...
...Step Further. Even before Cleveland began to gulp down the live-virus oral Sabin vaccine, killed-virus Salk vaccine had compiled an enviable record in suppressing polio. In the last seven years, Salk vaccine has cut Cleveland's polio to a total of 417 cases, compared with 3,338 in the previous seven years. But, says Dr. Howard H. Hopwood of the Academy of Medicine, the Sabin method has important advantages over Salk in mass vaccination campaigns. The live virus can be given by mouth, rather than by needle. It not only builds up polio-fighting antibodies...
...more than 90% of Clevelanders have received the most important types of virus in their Sabin vaccine-types I and III. But when they get their third portion of Sabin vaccine (type II) in late July, they will have swallowed more than 4,500,000 doses at the modest cost of $750,000. The academy expects that this will be entirely covered by donations (recommended: 25? per dose) from those who were treated. So successful is the campaign that by next winter other cities across the country may well follow Cleveland's style and send out their own well...