Word: saddamism
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...Saddam is already on the verge of winning an important U.N. concession: a partial reopening of Iraq's oil pipeline through Turkey. Periodically Baghdad will be allowed to "flush" the pipeline of old oil -- which the Turks claim is corroding the pipe -- and fill it with fresh oil. Each flush will yield about 12 million bbl. of marketable oil, which would net Iraq some $50 million, and there could be several such operations every year...
...embargo. His previous entreaties were flatly rejected, but this time he will find growing support. Three of the five permanent members -- France, Russia and China -- want the trade bans eased. All three stand to win lucrative contracts to repair Iraq's infrastructure. France and Russia, among Saddam's major prewar trading partners, hope Baghdad could begin paying off its massive debts...
...Britain insist that Iraq must first comply with every condition in the U.N. resolutions that ended the Gulf War. Baghdad argues that its recent cooperation with U.N. arms inspections is compliance enough. But U.S. officials doubt Saddam has renounced his dreams of regional dominance. Moreover, he is violating the U.N. resolutions on two key points by refusing to acknowledge Kuwait's independence and by committing human-rights violations against Iraq's Kurds and Shi'ites. Says Secretary of State Warren Christopher: "The stakes are too high to give Iraq the benefit of the doubt or to let our policy...
...sanctions are biting. Inflation in Iraq has soared to 250% of prewar levels, while living standards have plunged by half. Both as a money-saving move and a hedge against defections of senior diplomats, Baghdad has recently had to close 15 embassies. The question facing Western policymakers is whether Saddam's intensified lobbying to end the embargo shows last-ditch desperation, which would argue for keeping up the pressure in hopes of toppling the regime, or whether Saddam has successfully ridden out the storm. In any event, his strategy is clever and multipronged...
TACTICAL TWO-STEP. The pipeline deal is the first tangible gain from a tactical about-face by Saddam. After resisting efforts to monitor his capabilities for nuclear, biological and chemical warfare, he suddenly announced last November that his regime would comply fully with U.N. inspectors. Since then, Iraq appears to have done...