Word: saladin
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Latin kingdom founded by the Crusaders lasted scarcely a century. Recaptured by the Saracen King Saladin in 1187, Jerusalem remained in Moslem hands, except for a brief 15-year Christian reconquest, until World War I. The long sleep under Islam brought little peace, however, as Moslems battled for Jerusalem among themselves. The Saracens were soon overthrown by their Egyptian slave guards, the Mamelukes. The Mamelukes were in turn driven out by the Ottoman Turks, who captured the Holy City in 1517 and ruled it for 400 years. Though Christians were allowed to return to the city, a dispute between Greek...
Told to "fight a clean fight" and avoid atrocities,, Gowon's troops, at least 15,000 strong, launched a four-pronged attack. His small collection of English-made Ferret and Saladin armored vehicles pushed toward the Biafra capital of Enugu and the provincial centers of Nsukka and Ogoja. Large numbers of federal troops, which the government said were "moving cross-country on their flat feet," reportedly overran an Eastern military camp and captured 500 recruits. Determined Biafrans, whose army of about 7,000 is largely composed of Ibo tribesmen, claimed to have thrown Gowon's men back into...
...while, Islam was intellectually withdrawing from engagement with alien thought, under the influence of the mystical Sufis, and the orthodox ulama (scholars) who saw all wisdom in the Koran and Moslem tradition. By the 19th century, Islam was enfeebled in body as well as spirit; lands once ruled by Saladin and Suleiman the Magnificent became European protectorates; Turkey, resident of the impotent caliphs, was the "sick man of Europe...
...Kurds have a long and varied history. During the Middle Ages twenty-eight Kurdish principalities were formed, one led by Saladin, the curse of the Crusaders. The Kurdish princes, however, were subjugated by the Turks in the thirteenth century and the Kurds remained under Turkish domination until World War I. In 1920 they were promised an independent Kurdistan by the Treaty of Sevres only to be robbed of it by the Treaty of Lousanne...