Word: saladin
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...thence to Egypt, where his father died. In old Cairo, young Maimonides became a physician, a profession in which he achieved such great eminence (his works on hygiene, asthma and sex were remarkably ahead of his time) that he eventually became personal doctor to the court of Sultan Saladin. But philosophy was Maimonides' greatest love, and his voluminous writings, almost all in Arabic, spread his fame through Europe and Africa, as well as the Middle East...
...Germany led forth the third and greatest of the Crusades, they were playing international politics on the side. England's towering, blond Richard the Lionhearted stormed the supposedly impregnable fortress of Acre, and later fought at Jaffa with such bravery that when his horse fell, the admiring Sultan Saladin sent him two fresh chargers. But Richard himself had backslid so far as to bargain with the infidel, offering to marry his sister to the Sultan's brother in return for access to Jerusalem...
...army hurled huge stones against the walls, and periodically, the guests left the banquet hall to fight for their lives on Kerak's battlements. Only the tower in which the bridal pair was staying was not touched by the enemy fire, on orders of the chivalrous Moslem commander, Saladin...
...recently arrived knights from Europe who ruined the Kingdom of Jerusalem. They used force where diplomacy would have been better, and they never brought enough men with them to make force decisive. While the proud barons quarreled, the Moslems were at last growing united. By 1176 the Emir Saladin made himself master of Egypt and Syria, and turned the full force of his armies against the Crusaders. Europe was far away, and Byzantium was now powerless to help...
After Jerusalem fell to Saladin, the Hospitallers looked for a new outlet for their energies. They found it as corsairs against the Moslem empire. As the Knights of Rhodes, an island they captured in 1309, they spent two centuries fighting Turkish pirates and raiding Turkish towns. Driven out of Rhodes at last by Suleiman II, they were granted the sovereignty of Malta by the Emperor Charles V, in exchange for a token payment of a falcon a year. Promptly they resumed their sea-raiding as the Knights of Malta. And lords of Malta they remained until 1798, when their...