Word: salazar
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...months ago, Portuguese Dictator Antonio de Oliveira Salazar took a nasty spill at his summer residence, São João do Estoril, when a deck chair collapsed under him. Soon after an operation for a blood clot on his brain a few weeks later, he sank into a coma that kept him near death. His government stood by uneasily, waiting for his recovery. By September, the medical prognosis was that he would never be able to resume his duties, and Lawyer Marcello Caetano became Premier...
Last week Salazar, 79, and ruler of his country for nearly 40 years, returned from the hospital to his residence in Lisbon's São Bento Palace. There were no stately ceremonies, no cheering throngs. Instead, he arrived unheralded in a police ambulance, to be greeted by two of his old aides. Salazar himself, still partially paralyzed and suffering from seriously impaired speech and perception, is not yet aware that he was replaced as Premier. For his homecoming, the stricken old statesman needed only one piece of luggage: an ancient suitcase, which he is said to have carried...
...perhaps an overly hasty judgement. In some matters, to be sure, the new Premier echoed Salazar's old policies. Caetano insists that Portugal's determination to retain its African "provinces" was a matter of national policy and not just the whim...
...Some people in various countries have thought that persistence was simply the result of Dr. Salazar's personal obstinacy," said the new Premier. "But the truth is that Portugal's position could not have been otherwise." To the cheers of the hawkish National Assembly, Caetano pledged to continue the seven-year anti-insurgency wars in Angola, Portuguese Guinea and Mozambique, which last year soaked up some 40% of the country's $817 million budget...
...colonial policy means, of course, that Portugal will continue to lack the funds at home to undertake much-needed public works and industrialization. Similarly, the repressive overseas policy impedes progress toward liberalization at home. At the same time, Caetano, who already has allowed the return from exile of Salazar's most prominent political enemy, Lawyer Mario Scares, and eased the press censorship somewhat, pledged that he would submit specific reform bills to the National Assembly before its present term ends next April. Portuguese liberals want Caetano to abolish all forms of censorship, guarantee civil rights for all citizens...