Word: salazarism
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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When Spain's Francisco Franco set out for hot, dry Ciudad Rodrigo last week to meet with Portuguese Dictator Antonio de Oliveira Salazar, a rustle of speculation swept through Madrid. What, asked the wags, could bring the dictators out of their palaces in weather like this...
This politeness was the keynote of the trial for treason in March 1953 of lean, handsome Playwright Henrique Galvao, a onetime captain in the Portuguese army whose loyal service in the cause of Salazar had earned him a high place in the nation's African colonial service. Few know precisely what brought about Galvao's downfall, beyond the fact that a series of charges laid by him against the colonial administration soon after he returned to Portugal to take a seat in the National Assembly led to the dismissal of one of Salazar's top colonial hands...
...Well-Plotted Dream. At his second trial (the first conviction was set aside by the Supreme Court), Salazar's prosecutors were models of tolerance and gallantry. They addressed the prisoner deferentially as "Your Excellency," and allowed his partisans to harangue the court with a revolutionary tirade well peppered with liberal quotes from Victor Hugo ("When dictatorship is a fact, revolution becomes a right...
...Endless Entr'acte. Soon afterward, political pamphlets attacking the Salazar government began filtering through the land. Connoisseurs easily recognized in them the stylistic mark of Galvão. As a result of the investigation that followed shortly, the director of Galvão's prison was dismissed and his assistant committed suicide. Due out of prison in October 1954, Galvão was arraigned again on charges of "abuse of the press and insults," and held without bail. Portugal waited breathlessly for the third act of the drama to begin, but somehow the curtain never went...
Pleading ill-health as an excuse, Playwright Galvão himself refused to come out of jail to face trial on the new charges, and the polite dictatorship of Antonio Salazar seemed more than willing to gratify his whims. Last week, apparently preferring martyrdom to a third act which might not turn out the way he wanted, Scripter Galvão dismissed his defense counsel on the grounds that it was impossible to get a fair trial and so he needed no lawyers: he would stay where...