Word: salazarism
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...when he temporarily turned over his powers to Prince Juan Carlos after an attack of phlebitis. A stern, indomitable autocrat, he had outlived such contemporary dictators as Hitler and Mussolini, ancient foes like Stalin, and his old neighbor and fellow dictator, Portugal's Antonio de Oliveira Salazar...
Pinheiro de Azevedo, the new Premier and recent navy chief of staff, has been a leader in the Revolutionary Council since its inception. No stranger to political intrigue, the Angola-born admiral has had a role in a number of military conspiracies against the Salazar regime and its successor. In the April 1974 revolution, he commanded the radical navy fusiliers, who seized control of the secret police headquarters in Lisbon. More recently, as an emissary to NATO, he has been talking like a moderate, arguing that Portugal must remain within the European defense force...
Most damaging to the economy is independence for the Portugese colonies, particularly Angola. For years Portugal was able to remain an over 60 per cent peasant country, characterized by small and inefficient industrial and agricultural proprietors, subsidized under Salazar by colonial revenues. With full freedom for Angola this November--and with South African gold from colonial labor running out at the same time--Portugal's balance of payments and inflation will become disastrous, possibly touching off widespread chaos...
Portugal and its kindly people would be far better off if the Salazar-Caetano administration had never been overthrown...
...screen out police spies, prospective members were rigorously investigated. PIDE, Salazar's secret police, was never able to infiltrate the topmost echelons of the party, but it did place agents in smaller cells and made frequent arrests. Suspected Communists were tortured to betray other comrades; few broke, but some did not survive. "They were barbarians," says Avante Editor Dias Lourenço, who was freed at the time of the revolution after 17 years in prison. Once, he recalls, he spent two nights "under the rubber whip while they tried to get me to talk. All I said...