Word: salazarism
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...cheers of a waiting crowd, Spínola, who had been one of the country's best guerrilla fighters, entered Republican National Guard headquarters for what was reportedly a polite, even friendly talk with Caetano, who had governed Portugal since 1968 when Dictator António de Oliveira Salazar suffered a stroke. (Salazar died in 1970.) To emphasize the continuity of power despite the coup, the general went to Lisbon's Portela Airport the next morning to bid farewell to Caetano, Thomaz and their senior Cabinet Ministers; they were jetted to exile on the tourist island of Madeira...
...told, it took only 14 hours to smash the dictatorship established by Salazar 45 years ago and set the 8 million people of Portugal on what the army promised would be a new, democratic course. But it was not a quest for freedom that had motivated the rebels as much as the desire to stop the bloody and costly guerrilla war in the African colonies. The war consumed more than 40% of the nation's $1.3 billion annual budget, claimed the lives of some 250 Portuguese troops every year, and caused profound frustration in the army, which felt that...
...Spinola's iconoclastic views were well known before it was published and were widely shared by many of his fellow officers in the armed forces. He also reportedly had the ear of moderate Premier Marcello Caetano, who had succeeded to power after illness forced Dictator Antonio de Oliveira Salazar's resignation...
Ineffectual Band. One man Spinola definitely did not have the ear of, however, was Américo Thomaz, Portugal's President, who wields great influence as a leader of the nation's wealthy, privileged "100 families." Thomaz has been unbending in his allegiance to Salazar's conviction that "the provinces" are an integral part of "Metropolitan Portugal." Backed by powerful conservatives in the government and in the National Assembly, Thomaz pressured Caetano into sacking Spinola and his sympathetic boss General Francisco Costa Gomes. The move caused tremors in the armed forces and set rumors afoot that...
...Salazar believed that economic development would corrupt his country, and, as many tourists have discovered, Portugal retains a sometimes medieval charm. The Caetano government, on the other hand, is firmly committed to industrial expansion, but is, paradoxically, afraid to innovate to bring it about. As the lackluster election campaign demonstrated, Portugal is thus likely to remain asleep for the foreseeable future...