Word: salazarism
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...Portugal, a somewhat amateurish band of conspirators tried to unseat Antonio de Oliveira Salazar. At 2 a.m. New Year's Day, as heavy winds and rain lashed the wheatfields around Beja, 85 miles southeast of Lisbon, a sentry at the 3rd Infantry Regiment barracks was roused by the approach of four automobiles. Recognizing three of his own regimental officers, he waved the cars inside the gate. But the cars also carried a score of workers from Lisbon's suburb of Almada, and such sworn foes of the Salazar regime as ex-Army Captain João Varela Gomes...
...Brazil, long a haven for anti-Salazar exiles, Captain Henrique Galvão called the Beja incident "a great step forward, just because it happened.'' Galvão, who daringly hijacked the Portuguese liner Santa Maria last January, conceded that the operation was badly led and planned, but nevertheless saw it "as a logical de velopment of the revolutionary process that has continued without interruption since the Santa Maria." He prophesied that 1962 "will mark the end of Salazar." The aging (72) dictator himself last week made one of his rare appearances before Parliament to deliver a speech...
Another emergent problem may involve Pakistan and the Kashmir dispute. By indicating that a refusal to negotiate is an excuse for military action, Nehru has handed the Pakistanis a perfect argument to resolve the Kashmir problem; like Portugal's Salazar, Nehru has refused to confer on Pakistan's right to the mountainous northern Indian province. But most importantly, Nehru and India will find it now impossible to preach nonviolence and compromise at any cost to the rest of the world...
Nehru has been trying to get Portugal to pull out of Goa (pop. 700,000) since the British withdrew from India in 1947* Unlike France, which reluctantly quit its last Indian possessions in 1954, Portugal's Strongman Antonio de Oliveira Salazar insists that the 451-year-old colony, like his country's other overseas possessions, is a Portuguese "province." After breaking off diplomatic relations with the Portuguese in 1955, Nehru declared loftily: "History will remove them...
Rather than give Salazar the satisfaction of gloating over a rigged "victory." the opposition dramatically withdrew from the contest five days before this week's scheduled elections, calling on Portugal's 2,250,000 voters to boycott the polls. The government immediately banned all further news of the opposition on the theory that "it no longer exists." Though many opposition leaders faced jail sentences for their part in the campaign, few felt it had been in vain. Said one: "We opened a very small window to show the world the lies and treachery that surround...