Word: salazarism
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...scholarly, shunning the limelight, Portugal's Premier Antonio de Oliveira Salazar, 68, defies the accepted definition of dictators; yet he is now the dean of them. His technique is paternal, sometimes even benevolent. He controls police and press, brooks opposition for only 40 days before elections every four years. Yet, even when there is opportunity, few of Portugal's 8,500.000 fill the air above their lovely Latin land with cries for liberty. With a sedulously fostered reputation for financial wizardry, former Economics Professor Salazar has kept Portugal's budget balanced, but at the expense of workers...
Last week the Portuguese, technically, had a chance to protest against Salazar. Traditionally, the opposition fades away before Election Day. But in 1953, for the first time in a reign which began in 1928, 28 candidates ran against his National Union; all lost. This year, muzzled and muffled, all the opposition melted by Election Day except four lawyers, a merchant and an agronomist in the defiant northern district of Braga. The opposition complained that it was denied equal access to press, radio and the voters' rolls, that its supporters were blocked from voting. Salazar airily dismissed all his opponents...
When Spain's Francisco Franco set out for hot, dry Ciudad Rodrigo last week to meet with Portuguese Dictator Antonio de Oliveira Salazar, a rustle of speculation swept through Madrid. What, asked the wags, could bring the dictators out of their palaces in weather like this...
...Franco and Salazar, as for Britain and Scandinavia, the problem was whether they could afford to remain outside the Common Market (a super-customs union of France, West Germany, Italy and Benelux). If Spain and Portugal join, they are likely to be swamped with tariff-free industrial imports, cheaper and better than comparable products of their own; if they stay out, French and Italian farmers and merchants, operating behind the Common Market customs wall, may take away the European markets for such Spanish and Portuguese products as citrus fruits, cork, wine, sardines and pyrite...
Pleading ill-health as an excuse, Playwright Galvão himself refused to come out of jail to face trial on the new charges, and the polite dictatorship of Antonio Salazar seemed more than willing to gratify his whims. Last week, apparently preferring martyrdom to a third act which might not turn out the way he wanted, Scripter Galvão dismissed his defense counsel on the grounds that it was impossible to get a fair trial and so he needed no lawyers: he would stay where...