Word: salk
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...family physicians: "You can get as much information as I have by reading TIME's MEDICINE section." Last week at the American Medical Association convention in Atlantic City, many doctors buttonholed and commended the man most responsible for TIME's continued accurate coverage of Dr. Jonas E. Salk's vaccine. That man is Gilbert Cant, 45, TIME's MEDICINE editor for the past six years, a TIME writer and correspondent for five years before that. Writing the cover story on Dr. Salk (March 29, 1954) gave British-born Editor Cant a searching interest in the Salk...
...When P.H.S. licensed six firms to manufacture vaccine last April, both P.H.S. and the vaccine's developer. Dr. Jonas E. Salk, urged that manufacturers be required to show that they could produce safe vaccine consistently, in batch after batch. But this requirement was neither defined by P.H.S. nor was it enforced by the Government agency. As a result, manufacturers told P.H.S. only about the batches they considered safe, did not report on those that went down the drain as obviously dangerous. Hence, P.H.S. was not aware of how the odds were running against safe vaccine...
...nation's top polio experts and health authorities got around last week to telling the public what had gone wrong, and how and why, with the grandiose plan to inoculate tens of millions of children with Salk polio vaccine in 1955. For the most part, they confirmed what critics have suspected for a long time: it was a mistake to try the whizbang jump in little more than a year from laboratory production of the vaccine to manufacturing in tank-car volume. Many vital facts simply were not known when the leap to factory-scale production was made...
Straight-Line Theory. How could all this be? The 1,000-odd doctors who sat in on the polio symposium learned something of this from Dr. Salk himself. They had gone there, full of admiration and curiosity, to hear him and see him get a $10,000 award* for his achievements. They listened attentively, some with obvious puzzlement, as he read a long and tightly technical report. Its net: mass manufacture was not the same as making vaccine in his precisely controlled laboratory at the University of Pittsburgh...
...Salk re-examined his straight-line theory of how the virus is inactivated to make vaccine. According to this, he can start with a virus brew so potent that there are 4,000,000 virus particles in every teaspoonful. But after 1½ days in formaldehyde there should only be 4,000 alive, after three days only four, and after nine days only a single active particle in a ton. If things did not work this way in practice. Dr. Salk argued, it must be because of ''fractional inactivation." This might result from the clumping of virus particles...