Word: salyut
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...calamity, American experts say, in many respects the U.S. space program is still ahead of its Soviet counterpart. Nonetheless, Moscow has racked up a number of major achievements in space over the past 2 1/2 years. Among them: a record 237-day manned flight by three cosmonauts aboard the Salyut 7 space station, a daring repair mission to restart that station after a near total power failure, and a highly sophisticated radar mapping of Venus by two robot Venera probes. Earlier this month the Soviets dazzled the international scientific community with their Vega 1 and Vega 2 inspections of Halley...
...Apollo fire, Colonel Vladimir Komarov plunged more than four miles to earth in Soyuz 1 after its parachute snarled. In June 1971, Cosmonauts Georgi Dobrovolsky, Vladislav Volkov and Viktor Patsayev suffocated during re-entry. Soviet officials later revealed that a valve had opened when the capsule separated from the Salyut 1 space station, allowing the cabin to depressurize...
...landing of the Salyut 7 descent module last week took place only days before the successful launch of the 13th U.S. shuttle mission. Challenger soared off its pad at Kennedy Space Center carrying a record seven passengers. Among its crew are two women: Kathryn Sullivan, who is scheduled this week to become the first American woman to walk in space, and Sally Ride, the first U.S. female astronaut. Also aboard is Marc Garneau, the first Canadian astronaut, an engineer who will study the damage done to Canadian lakes by acid rain. Within hours after the launch, Ride commanded the shuttle...
...their long-cherished goals: a space shuttle and a super-booster for launching huge modules that would make up a large, complex space station. American reconnaissance satellites have photographed two big new boosters on the launchpads at Tyuratam and new runways for the shuttle. A congressional study describes the Salyut missions as "the cornerstone of an official policy which looks not only toward permanent Soviet human presence in low earth orbit, but also toward permanent settlement of their people on the moon and Mars." The report warns: "The Soviets take quite seriously the possibility that large numbers of their citizens...
...record: 211 days by Cosmonauts Anatoly Berezovnoy and Valentin Lebedev, aboard the Salyut 7 space station in 1982. The U.S. record is 84 days, set in 1974 by Astronauts Gerald Carr, Edward Gibson and William Pogue aboard Skylab...