Word: salyut
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...calamity, American experts say, in many respects the U.S. space program is still ahead of its Soviet counterpart. Nonetheless, Moscow has racked up a number of major achievements in space over the past 2 1/2 years. Among them: a record 237-day manned flight by three cosmonauts aboard the Salyut 7 space station, a daring repair mission to restart that station after a near total power failure, and a highly sophisticated radar mapping of Venus by two robot Venera probes. Earlier this month the Soviets dazzled the international scientific community with their Vega 1 and Vega 2 inspections of Halley...
...usual, the secretive Soviets have released little information on the exact specifications of the Mir station or on their long-range plans for its operation. Some scraps of information, however, are available. Mir, which measures 56 ft. by 13 ft., is 16 ft. longer than the Salyut 7 but only slightly wider. Since the new space station is not intended to house bulky experimental gear, it has much more living space inside. Crew members have separate "cabins," or cubicles, each equipped with a folding chair, a desk, a mirror and a sleeping bag. The common area of the space station...
...Apollo fire, Colonel Vladimir Komarov plunged more than four miles to earth in Soyuz 1 after its parachute snarled. In June 1971, Cosmonauts Georgi Dobrovolsky, Vladislav Volkov and Viktor Patsayev suffocated during re-entry. Soviet officials later revealed that a valve had opened when the capsule separated from the Salyut 1 space station, allowing the cabin to depressurize...
...their long-cherished goals: a space shuttle and a super-booster for launching huge modules that would make up a large, complex space station. American reconnaissance satellites have photographed two big new boosters on the launchpads at Tyuratam and new runways for the shuttle. A congressional study describes the Salyut missions as "the cornerstone of an official policy which looks not only toward permanent Soviet human presence in low earth orbit, but also toward permanent settlement of their people on the moon and Mars." The report warns: "The Soviets take quite seriously the possibility that large numbers of their citizens...
...record: 211 days by Cosmonauts Anatoly Berezovnoy and Valentin Lebedev, aboard the Salyut 7 space station in 1982. The U.S. record is 84 days, set in 1974 by Astronauts Gerald Carr, Edward Gibson and William Pogue aboard Skylab...