Word: salyut
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...triumphant trio, who had been aloft since last February aboard an orbiting Soviet space station, were the possessors of a new space endurance record: a 237-day spin through the heavens.* A more important trophy was the cache of information gathered from experiments run on board their trailer-size Salyut 7 to determine the effects of prolonged weightlessness. This knowledge, Soviet scientists believe, should prove invaluable in Moscow's efforts to place a giant permanent station in space...
...Salyut 7 is the latest in a series of sophisticated laboratories that the Soviets have put into orbit since 1971. Last February the three cosmonauts made a rendezvous with Salyut only one day after taking off in a Soyuz T-10 rocket from the Tyuratam space center in Kazakhstan. To maintain muscle strength during their long mission, the crew not only exercised regularly but spent part of each day in tight, constraining suits that forced their lungs and hearts to work harder. Still, when they landed last Tuesday, Soviet television showed them looking tired, with dark circles under their eyes...
During the mission, Salyut linked twice with Soyuz "ferries" that carried two visiting crews up and then back down again. The visitors chalked up a few firsts of their own. One craft, launched in April, carried the first Indian space traveler, Rakesh Sharma, who performed yoga exercises on board. A July ship brought Svetlana Savitskaya, who had been aloft in 1982 and this time became the first woman to walk in space: she spent three hours outside her Soyuz capsule testing a welding device. Two of the Salyut 7 crew did a five-hour space walk to replace a faulty...
...landing of the Salyut 7 descent module last week took place only days before the successful launch of the 13th U.S. shuttle mission. Challenger soared off its pad at Kennedy Space Center carrying a record seven passengers. Among its crew are two women: Kathryn Sullivan, who is scheduled this week to become the first American woman to walk in space, and Sally Ride, the first U.S. female astronaut. Also aboard is Marc Garneau, the first Canadian astronaut, an engineer who will study the damage done to Canadian lakes by acid rain. Within hours after the launch, Ride commanded the shuttle...
...Aboard the Soviet Salyut station last week, three cosmonauts passed the record of 211 consecutive days in space...