Word: samizdat
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Among intellectuals, the most popular samizdat publication is Zapis (Record). A literary quarterly founded last spring, Zapis prints stories and essays by some of Poland's most distinguished but oftcensored writers such as Novelist Jerzy Andrejewski, the author of Ashes and Diamonds...
Dozens of rudimentary printing presses are responsible for an astonishing boom in illegal samizdat (self-published) periodicals, manifestoes and even books that are currently circulating by the thousands of copies throughout Poland. Reflecting a wide range of dissident opinion, the samizdat publications are symptomatic of the mounting discontent that has made the country potentially the most unstable nation in Communist East Europe. Today there are at least twelve regularly published underground journals. Their criticism of the regime of Party Chief Edward Gierek* goes well beyond economic problems. It includes sweeping demands for democracy and freedom from Soviet hegemony...
...industrial city of Radom, where embattled workers burned down Communist Party headquarters in 1976, the latest issue of the samizdat magazine Robotnik (The Worker) began circulating last week. It focused on an injustice that weighs heavily on the Polish proletariat: lack of any real representation. Robotnik called for genuine workers' organizations to replace the officially sponsored trade unions, which the journal called "dead institutions...
Other flourishing samizdat periodicals include Bratniak (Fraternity), a student publication produced in the port city of Gdansk, Postep (Progress), a magazine devoted to the problems of Poland's farmers, and Puls (Pulse), a literary journal from Lodz that was devoted this month to official censorship in the Polish movie industry...
...help coordinate nationwide samizdat, a publishing operation has been started by Scientist Miroslaw Chojecki. Called NOWA, an acronym for Independent Publishing House, Chojecki's printing establishment in a Warsaw apartment includes 20 typewriters, six crude presses and a skilled team of 30 people who help print, bind and distribute samizdat books. The workers charge nothing for their labor...