Word: saudi
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...brought about this revival from the dead? For one, an increased Arab concern over Egypt's President Nasser and his involvement with Russia. For another, the slow recognition that the Eisenhower Doctrine is genuinely intended to help the Middle Eastern nations to preserve their independence and viability. With Saudi Arabia's King Saud shifting his considerable weight to the side of his fellow kings in Iraq and Jordan, the four Moslem pact countries suddenly found that they could safely reassert their common concern against the Communist threat and their membership in a useful instrumentality that did not compromise...
...Iraq has its geographical unity, its great river valley, and after three generations under a British-created monarch, its own political and economic institutions. Above all, it has oil. Among Arab states, Egypt and Syria lack the oil-creating wealth, Saudi Arabia and the Persian Gulf sheikdoms the economy that can absorb it. Iraq, alone of all Arab nations, has both, and on the wave of its oil royalties it has launched an ambitious program of economic development that is transforming the political balances of the region...
...Eden. Six years ago Nuri persuaded the British-run Iraq Petroleum Co. to give him a 50-50 profit split such as Venezuela and Saudi Arabia enjoyed. He had already set up the nonpolitical Development Board, and awarded it 70% of all state oil revenues, so that the whole nation, not just a few wealthy princes, would benefit. The board set out to recreate in the Valley of the Two Rivers the verdant paradise that existed before the marauding Mongols of Hulagu Khan in 1258 wrecked the ancient irrigation system and dried up the Garden of Eden...
...refineries, textile plants, sugar mills. Since the board went to work six years ago, the number of primary schools has risen from 1,070 to 1,748, secondary schools from 108 to 152, hospitals from 82 to 121. And in the works for the capital is a new university. Saudi Arabia, with greater oil revenues, has nothing comparable to show...
...James Morris (146 pp.; Panfheon; $3.50), is about one of those diplomatic escapades which Britain still occasionally stage-manages with a fine and crafty imperial hand. The sultanate of Muscat and Oman commands, like an Arabian Gibraltar, the entry to the Persian Gulf. In 1955 a fifth column of Saudi Arabian agents with oil-glazed eyes was busily subverting the sultan's power and touting the claims of the euphonically titled Imam of Oman. Four British-officered armies of the sultan set about trying to sweep the Imam out of Oman...