Word: scientists
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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History, political science and even that elusive discipline, international law, are in substantial agreement on the answers. A nation is "a body of people who feel they are a nation," says Harvard Political Scientist Rupert Emerson. What is essential is "the sense of common identity, the sense of a singularly important national 'we' which is distinguished from all others who make up an alien 'they.' " In the long jostling of history, a group would stake out a territory and fight to defend its boundaries against any "theys." In short, a nation becomes a state when...
...insects become more immune to chemical insecticides, scientists are developing other weapons against them. Like sex. By encouraging the mating of mosquitoes that are incapable of producing offspring, a West German scientist has wiped out the disease-bearing mosquito population of a Burmese village. And, the attraction that proved so fatal in Burma, he reported to a recent health conference in Washington, can have similar results elsewhere...
Died. Dr. Wolfgang Köhler, 80, one of the prime developers of Gestalt psychology, an Estonian-born scientist who spent eight years in the Canary Islands (1913-21) studying the behavior of chimpanzees, made important findings bolstering the Gestalt theory (that physiological impulses should not be treated as isolated phenomena but as interdependent parts of a complex system with properties of its own), wrote the classic statement of this theory (Gestalt Psychology 1929), then emigrated from Germany to the U.S. in 1935 to continue research as a professor at Swarthmore and later Dartmouth; of a heart attack; in Enfield...
Color photographs of the lunar surface beneath a deep black sky confirmed the findings of Surveyor I that the moon was grey. "The grey varies in shade from pale to very dark," said U.S. Geological Survey Scientist Eugene Shoemaker, "but it appears to be still basically all grey...
Also highly flexible is Wesleyan's Center for Advanced Studies, at which such invited fellows as Britain's Author-Scientist C. P. Snow, former White House Aide Richard Goodwin and William Manchester (The Death of a President) get ample stipends (up to $15,000, plus housing) with only one vague appeal to conscience: "They are invited to participate, to an extent consistent with their plans for their own work, in the ongoing work of the university." Snow confined himself to two lectures during his one semester at Middletown. His wife, Pamela Hansford Johnson, who was also a center...