Word: scientists
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Enter cyclosporine. Discovered in 1970 by a scientist at Sandoz, a Swiss pharmaceutical company, the drug was nearly abandoned as worthless. Unexpectedly, however, researchers found that it was a highly selective suppressor of helper T cells. By preventing the activation of the T cells, the drug interferes with the body's instinct to attack a transplanted organ. Yet unlike other suppressants, it does not affect other parts of the immune system. Cyclosporine is thus able to dampen the rejection reaction while leaving a large part of the body's infection-fighting defenses intact...
Suddenly the phone line rings, causing Berliner to jump with alarm. The connection to Hitech is broken. Frantically, Computer Scientist Carl Ebeling, a former student of Berliner's, redials the number that restores the vital link to Hitech. "This is a perpetual problem in hotels," mutters Berliner. "Sometimes we have to go to the chief operator and tell her we'll strangle her if she puts any calls through." Soon after this, Hitech makes what Berliner thinks is probably a mistake, but he's not completely sure. "Whenever we disagree," he whispers, "usually it's right." To his relief...
...Johnson on the ticket, the political heft of the vice-presidential nominee has been shrouded in myth. These days, Democrats talk as if a Southern running mate would help Dukakis transcend his New England pedigree. But rarely has the bottom half of the ticket packed such a punch. Political Scientist Steven Rosenstone of the University of Michigan, who has studied state-by-state presidential returns since 1948, says that at best a vice-presidential nominee can add about 2% to the ticket in his home state. Period. Richard Nixon grasped this elusive political truth when he said...
...international affairs and economics. How does the secretary expect American students to compete in the world if they are unfamiliar with the thought and tradition of these areas? Can a businessman compete with the Japanese if he knows nothing about them beyond stereotypes? Also, how can any political scientist help find a solution in the Middle East without a comprehensive knowledge of the area's religions and history? To help American interests in the future, colleges must train students to understand and respect their foreign counterparts, not to ignore them...
...recent poll in New Scientist, Americans were found to have the most positive image of science and progress of any industrialized nation. Yet 42 percent of the public in the United States does not believe in human evolution! While we apparently have a desire to succeed, it's clear we lack the intellectual tools to do so. Widespread belief in astrology is a similar problem. We use the fruits of science gladly--none of us would part with our microwaves or television sets--yet scientific advances have not fundamentally reordered our view of the way the world works. Unless they...