Word: secondhands
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...Khalil is certain there will be war again. Recently, he bought himself a uniform and sewed on insignia he found at a secondhand market. He doesn't want to fight, but he is a soldier, so he has applied to the Ministry of Defense for a spot in the fledgling Afghan national army. In the meantime, Khalil can't afford the pen and notebook he promised his son for school, just as the Afghan government is unable to fulfill its promises of better days for Khoshal Khan A. But Khalil keeps building, his hopes slowly rising once again from...
...Secondhand smoke is a killer. It contains over 4,000 substances, of which more than 42 are known t o cause cancer. Earlier this year, the International Association for Research on Cancer (IARC) released a study which concluded that passive smoking is a direct cause of lung cancer in non-smokers. Results showed that exposure to secondhand smoke at the w orkplace increased the risk of developing lung cancer by 16 to 19 percent. Lung tumors that developed as a result of being exposed to secondhand smoke resembled those that developed as a result of active smoking, reinforcing the link...
This danger is not just a hypothetical problem. Studies by t he National Cancer Institute in conjunction with the California Environmental Protection Agency have found that between 40,000 and 58,000 Americans die every year as a direct consequence of secondhand smoke, over twice as many as die from AIDS. While it i s clear that many of these deaths are caused by exposure to smoke at home, it would be foolish to underestimate the number of deaths precipitated by exposure to smoke in the workplace...
...growing awareness of these risks, and not just becau se of the unpleasantness of cigarette smoke, that there has been a slew of legislation in the past few years banning smoking from the workplace. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration has classified secondhand smoke as a “potential occupational carcinogen” and has recommended that employers minimize occupational exposure in “all non-industrial work environments” by using “all available preventive measures.” While much attention and legislation has been targeted at employees in corporate offices and retail...
...areas. This type of partial regulation does not go far enough to give restaurant employees a smoke-free environment. Research conducted by the School of Public Health at the University of California Berkeley, found that even in restaurants where customers may only smoke in designated areas, staff exposure to secondhand smoke was still up to half that of staff in restaurants with no smoking restrictions at all. This study included participants who worked in res taurants with separate ventilation systems for smoking and non-smoking areas...