Word: secondhands
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...study, researchers at the University of Cambridge, Britain's Peninsula Medical School and the University of Michigan tested saliva samples from nearly 5,000 non-smoking adults over the age of 50 for cotinine - a by-product of nicotine - high levels of which would signal exposure to secondhand smoke. Participants in the study also provided a detailed smoking history. The researchers then used established neuropsychological tests to assess brain function and cognitive impairment...
Alzheimer's and dementia experts think that the mediating factors between secondhand smoke and cognitive impairment could be heart disease and stroke; secondhand-smoke exposure raises the risk of heart disease and stroke, which in turn raise the risk of dementia...
...head of public health for Britain's Alzheimer's Society. "A type of dementia called vascular dementia is caused by minute hemorrhages in the brain. If smoke is having an effect on the cells in the blood vessel walls, that's a pretty good explanation as to why secondhand smoke would have an effect." (Read "Mild Exercise May Counter Dementia...
...wave of recent research has linked secondhand smoke to health problems; many of these studies were made possible by the implementation of smoking bans throughout the developed world. A recent study, for example, showed that the risk of heart problems dropped in both smokers and nonsmokers following Scotland's smoking ban in 2006. Many U.S. states are still without smoking bans, however, as is almost all of the developing world. But opponents of such legislation are now fighting a losing battle, according to Dr. Iain Lang of Peninsula Medical School, a co-author of the study...
...think] this is a final nail in the coffin for those who try to suggest there is no harm involved in secondhand smoke," he says...