Word: semiliquids
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Just how high they rise was made clearer than ever last week. In a study conducted at Boston's Tufts University, researchers fed subjects randomly selected diets that included soybean oil, semiliquid margarine, soft margarine, shortening and stick margarine, and then compared their blood fats to levels measured in high-butter diets. The more trans-fatty acids in a spread, scientists found, the more fats in the blood. Although all the butter substitutes reduced the level of LDL (the "bad" cholesterol), the trans-fatty acids sometimes drove down the concentration of HDL ("good" cholesterol), changing the critical ratio of total...
There are more than 800 different commercially available ANFO preparations. One of the more common mixtures uses pellets of ammonium nitrate mixed with diesel fuel to form a semiliquid that has a consistency of mayonnaise. Because of ANFO's stability, it is usually transported in heavy- duty trucks that often resemble cement mixers. Or construction crews can mix it on site by combining bags of high-grade ammonium nitrate with drums full of fuel...
Unable to empty out the tank during tests at the Cape, NASA technicians applied 65 volts to the heater, trying to boil off the semiliquid oxygen. The voltage fused the inadequate 28-volt cutoff switches, allowing the temperature in the tank to rise to 1000° F. and damaging the Teflon insulation on the wires. This led to the arcing that occurred during the mission. Why did the Cape Kennedy technicians have to resort to this untried procedure for emptying the tank? Because, said the panel, the tiny tube through which oxygen is fed in and extracted had probably been...
...internal heater if its temperature rises above 80° F. Tests showed that the temperature, if unchecked, could soar as high as 1,000° and cause the electrical insulating material to flake off. The arcing that results can ignite the insulation. Heat from the fire expands the compressed semiliquid oxygen, and its pressure eventually increases enough to burst the tank. The safety switches were apparently damaged when the heater was used during a test before the launch...
...working on it. Much smaller than its rivals, the liquid-fuel Atlas and Titan, it has three stages filled with fuel made mostly of a rubbery plastic holding together crystals of an oxygen-supplying material, such as ammonium perchlorate. The ingredients are first blended to form a semiliquid mass like peanut butter. This is pumped with extreme care into the rocket casing and cured by gentle heat to turn it into an elastic solid. Then a mandrel in the center is pulled out, leaving a roughly star-shaped cavity on whose surface the fuel will start to burn when...