Word: serums
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...wolf's 29 victims were trucked into Teheran (the two others straggled in days later). They were promptly bled, so that any antibodies against rabies could be detected, and divided into five groups. Of the 18 bitten on the head, five got two shots of serum, four days apart, plus vaccine, six got one shot of serum plus vaccine, and five got vaccine alone. Of those bitten less severely elsewhere on the body, four got serum (one shot) plus vaccine, and six got vaccine only...
...gets a chance to develop, rabies is invariably fatal. Ever since the days of Louis Pasteur (1822-1895), doctors have been able to head off rabies with a series of 14 to 21 vaccinations, but the treatment is costly, painful-and sometimes fatal. A "hyper-immune serum." developed about ten years after Pasteur's vaccine from the blood of animals infected with rabies, was known to give passive, temporary immunity but there had never been a major test in humans. The WHO team, aware that rabid wolves are common in Iran, was ready to apply the searching test...
First, a drop of the specimen fluid is smeared on a microscope slide. Then it is covered with a drop of serum (from an animal) containing the antibody which develops when the suspected species of bacteria is present. This serum is tagged with fluorescein, a luminous substance. If the right antibody hits the right germ, the germ starts to glow under the microscope. If the tester has guessed wrong, no glow, and he tries again with other antibodies...
...sleeping, resting and relaxing satisfactorily; he had used a mild sedative only once since leaving the hospital; his temperature was normal, blood pressure stable, and general circulation excellent. Blood-clotting time remained satisfactory, and blood-sedimentation rate had declined to normal range. The white-corpuscle count and serum cholesterol were both normal. Weight and diet were carefully controlled and satisfactory...
...Moreover, why can't the student diagnose it himself? The doctor can be sure only after he has examined a blood smear. If he finds many cells of an abnormal type he has good evidence of the disease. A confirmatory tests consists of adding a small sample of the serum to a much larger amount of sheep's red blood cells. If the sheep's cells agglomerate the physician can be virtually positive that the patient has mononucleosis. Only these two tests can differentiate between "mono" and a common cold, and only a competent doctor can perform them...