Word: serums
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...Chicago physicians proved that doctors have found little use for vaccines to cure disease, the open-minded American Medical Association hastened, last fortnight, to publish the facts. Vaccines immunize against specific infection. For several years doctors, further, have believed that diligent experiment would show them a vaccine, serum, or antitoxin * to cure any particular disease. Many an agent was tried, and many a disappointment ensued. In Chicago Dr. Ludvig Hektoen and Ernest E. Irons wondered at the extent to which U. S. physicians are now using vaccines to cure disease, as against preventing disease. Accordingly they sent questionnaires to specialists...
...Ringer's solution (after Sidney Ringer, English physiologist, 1835-1910) resembles blood serum in composition. One formula contains sodium chloride, calcium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, water...
Internal Medicine. Liver and liver extract established for the treatment, if not absolute cure, of pernicious anemia; and their value against anemias caused by kidney disease, cancer. Polyvalent serum against pneumonia. Improved technique for oxygen treatment of pneumonia...
...venoms, he explained, are sent to the central institute, are dissolved in brine and glycerine and the solution is injected into horses in successive increments. The reaction of this poison with the cells of the horse produces antibodies. After a lapse of time the horse is bled and the serum proteins are separated and purified. When this serum is injected into a person suffering from snake-bite it goes to the poison because it has a peculiar affinity for it. Then neutralization of the poison takes place but the injection of the antivenin must take place within 12 hours...
...Amaral sketched a diagram showing the entire development and distribution of the serum and emphasized the fact that the serum produced is a mixture of antivenin produced from all species of snakes in the country, so that a single product can be shipped to all parts of North America. The institute at Glenolden, Pennsylvania, is the central one for the United States and Canada, but the snake farm in Brazil produces the largest amount of the serum...