Word: settlement
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...somewhat vaguely defined sovereignty over the area since 1906, developed some oilfields in the Sinai, but for the most part they preferred to preserve it as a buffer zone between themselves and the Israelis. To the Egyptian peasants, the region seemed a scorched, treeless moon scape, ill-suited for settlement. They preferred the congested misery of their villages in the fertile Nile Valley...
...London who have dealt extensively with Rhodesian affairs agree on one thing at least: nailing wily Prime Minister Ian Smith to any deal is almost as hard as netting a rare African butterfly. Last week, at the conclusion of a 14-day U.S. tour aimed at promoting his "internal settlement" for the breakaway British colony, Smith apparently got pinned. U.S. and British officials announced that the Prime Minister and his three black colleagues on Rhodesia's governing Executive Council had agreed to their terms for an all-parties conference dealing with the country's future. That conference...
...consenting to the conference, U.S. officials conceded that "a serious complication" made it very uncertain whether Nkomo and Mugabe-not to mention their allies in the five front-line states of Angola, Mozambique, Zambia, Tanzania and Botswana-would attend. While Smith was promoting the cause of his internal settlement in Houston, Texas, the Rhodesian armed forces carried out a devastating series of raids on military bases of Nkomo's Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU) deep inside Zambia. In all, Salisbury claimed, its air and paratroop forces hit 12 different ZAPU camps and killed 1,500 guerrillas...
Last month, however, retiring South African Prime Minister John Vorster abruptly reneged on the deal. In a move plainly calculated to guarantee a pro-South African regime in Namibia, Vorster announced that Pretoria would forge ahead with an "internal settlement." Last week, top foreign-policy makers of the Big Five, headed by Secretary of State Cyrus Vance, called on Vorster's hard-lining successor, Pieter W. Botha, with a harsh message: either go along with the West's independence plan or face U.N.-imposed* economic sanctions...
...mission ended, South Africa had at least bought some time for itself. Backing away from earlier threats that they would not oppose economic sanctions, the Big Five envoys now agreed that they would veto any such proposal put to the U.N. Security Council until Pretoria's internal settlement is proved beyond doubt to be a sham. The Western powers hope eventually to persuade South Africa to accept a U.N.-supervised vote that the Third World countries could also consider legitimate. But, as one Western diplomat ruefully admitted as he left Pretoria last week: "The talks have left us with...