Word: shahs
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...took part in street protests against the U.S.-backed Shah of Iran. After the uprising was quashed, Khomeini was exiled, and between 1964 and 1978 his protege continued to espouse dissident views in his absence, mobilizing protests and demonstrations and maintaining close ties to his exiled mentor. Khamenei was imprisoned multiple times and, in 1975, was internally exiled to a remote region in southeastern Iran...
...after the Islamic Revolution ousted the Shah, Khamenei became one of the Ayatullah's primary lieutenants...
Intelligence failures are more understandable today than they were in 1979. At that time, Washington stubbornly stood behind the regime of secular and autocratic Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, despite the rebirth of religious fundamentalism among millions of Iranians and their yearning for an obscure Muslim cleric living in exile: Ayatullah Ruhollah Khomeini. U.S. military, diplomatic and intelligence officers blanketed Tehran but ignored the gathering storm. It was a massive blunder. Khomeini swept into power and transformed Middle East politics and alliances. His supporters seized the American compound and its occupants, an act that has frozen bilateral relations in a state...
...TIME's photo-essay "The Rise and Fall of the Shah of Iran...
...that period. Mousavi's supporters were mobilized by feelings of injustice, "that they've been dealt with contempt by their leaders," says Sick. "That sense of being wronged and betrayed is a driving feature in Iran," as powerful as the widespread anger over false arrest and torture by the Shah's secret police...