Word: shales
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...Government holds in trust for the people. The post has become increasingly important as environment and energy have grown into major and often conflicting American concerns. It is the Interior Secretary who decides how to develop federal resources with the least ecological damage-especially the needed oil, coal and shale-oil reserves on public lands. President Gerald Ford recently picked a new Secretary: Stanley K. Hathaway, 50, the former Republican Governor of Wyoming, who immediately ran into so much flak that he must have thought he was back in World War II, when he served on a B-17 bomber...
Shrinking Underpinning. As water, oil and gas are pumped in increasing quantities from deeply drilled wells, the upper layers of clay, shale or silt often dry out and contract. The surface of the earth then subsides on its shrinking underpinning. California's San Joaquin Valley, pocked with irrigation wells, has sunk up to 29 ft. since intensive farming began there in the 1940s. Only recently have engineers finally managed to halt the subsidence by piping in water from elsewhere in the state...
...haven't been any new buildings for a long time, and marks of civilization, like the concrete slabs covering the sewer ditches, are falling apart. Like center cities everywhere, Matadi is giving way to the suburbs: the villages which crowd the circle of hills around the city now use shale-and-cement and concrete blocks for building materials instead of woven cane and occasional tin-and-plywood...
...pollution law with variances he believed necessary to the "economic and social development of the state." He suggested that oil and gas wells should not be covered by a law prohibiting discharge of waste into navigable streams. He supported industrial exploitation of Wyoming's energy resources, favoring immediate oil shale development and helping to triple the amount of state land leased for coal mining...
...Ford Administration expects Hathaway to protect America's interior adequately, especially as "Project Independence" pressure grows for accelerated mining of coal and oil shale. Unfortunately, objections of environmentalists in Washington will not shake Senate reluctance to reject a Cabinet nomination. Only extensive public pressure can now spare the country the critical environmental damage that Stanley Hathaway would permit as Secretary of the Interior...