Word: shanghaiing
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...Manchuria was followed by the Fake War, an extended period of posturing by the Chinese and Japanese. But in January 1932, as the League of Nations debated Tokyo's aggression, a Japanese cruiser, four destroyers and two aircraft carriers anchored in the Yangtze River off the international city of Shanghai. They had come on the pretext of protecting Japanese citizens from attacks by Chinese mobs. In response, Nationalist forces moved into the Chinese suburb of Chapei and skirmished with patrolling Japanese marines. With his men giving way to the larger Chinese forces, Admiral Koichi Shiozawa ordered planes from his carriers...
Plans were then drawn to carry the battle up the Yangtze from Shanghai, take the Nationalist capital of Nanking (now Nanjing) and force Chiang to surrender. In one month the Imperial forces had shattered Chinese defenses, trapping 300,000 Nationalist troops and forcing hundreds of thousands of the city's 1 million people to flee. On Dec. 12, 1937, Nanking fell. For the next six weeks, the area's remaining population would be subjected to the worst atrocities yet seen in modern warfare. More than 200,000 men, a fourth of them civilians, were immolated, bayoneted or tortured to death...
Beijing city officials announced yesterday that they had expelled 77 party members since January for corruption, and Shanghai announced three expulsions...
...most important evidence of Deng's strength may be the unexpected appointment of Jiang. The beefy Shanghai official does not have any national power base or ties to the army, which makes him no threat to anyone in the hierarchy and thoroughly beholden to those who appointed him. As a tough- minded disciplinarian and agile implementer of policy, he is an ideal Secretary. "Deng is once again very much a hands-on leader," said a senior British diplomat...
Born in Yangzhou, near Shanghai, Jiang was educated as an engineer. He was sent to train in Moscow during the same period as hard-line Premier Li Peng. Unusually cosmopolitan for a Chinese leader, Jiang speaks Russian and English and reads several other languages. He advanced steadily in the machine and electronics industries until the Cultural Revolution temporarily derailed his career. Rehabilitated, he used his back-room skills in carrying out post-Mao economic policy to earn him election in 1982 to the Central Committee...